Armenia is a sovereign, democratic, parliamentary republic with a presidential governing system. The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia was adopted through a national referendum on July 5, 1995 and amended on November 27, 2005. Public administration follows the principle of separate Legislative, Executive and Judicial branches of power.
THE PRESIDENT - SERZH SARGSYAN
The President of the Republic of Armenia regulates the legislative, executive and judicial branches of power to ensure their normal and effective work. The President is also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and the guarantor of the country’s independence as well as territorial integrity and security. The President is elected by the citizens of the Republic of Armenia for a period of five years and no more than two consecutive terms.
Before being elected as the President, Serzh Sargsyan served as Armenia's Minister of Defense from 2000 to 2007. On April 4, 2007, Serzh Sargsyan was appointed as the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia. On February 19, 2008, Serzh Sargsyan was elected as the President of the Republic of Armenia marking the fifth presidential administration of the Republic of Armenia in post Soviet-independence.
THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
The National Assembly of Armenia has legislative power and implements its activities through sessions, permanent and temporary committees, as well as through its deputy members. The National Assembly consists of 131 deputies: 75 of which are elected on the basis of proportional representation and 56 on the basis of majority representation. The National Assembly is elected through general elections for a term of five years. The last parliamentary elections were held in 2003. The Chairman of the National Assembly is elected by a majority of votes in a secret ballot by the Members of Parliament.
THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The executive power in the Republic of Armenia is vested in the Government of the Republic of Armenia. The Government is composed of the Prime Minister and Ministers. Based on consultations held with the National Assembly factions, the President of the Republic appoints the person nominated by the parliamentary majority to be the Prime Minister or,where impossible, the person nominated for the largest number of NA membership. The President of the Republic appoints and discharges members of the government on the Prime Minister's proposal.
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH
Justice in the Republic of Armenia is administered solely by the courts in accordance with the Constitution and the laws of the Republic of Armenia. The courts of general jurisdiction in Armenia are as follows: first instance courts, courts of appeal and the Court of Cassation. There are specialized jurisdictions for cases specified by law. The Council of Justice is operational in accordance with the Constitution and laws. The sittings of the Council of Justice are chaired by the Chairman of Court of Cassation without the right to vote.
Constitutional justice in the Republic of Armenia is exercised by the Constitutional Court consisting of nine members: five appointed by the Parliament and four by the President. The responsibility of this court is to judge the constitutionality of the laws, Presidential decrees, and governmental resolutions. The Court also judges the constitutionality of international agreements and resolves disputes concerning the results of elections and referenda.
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